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Rademacher, E. 1985. 18. Untersuchungen zu einem prognose-modellversuch anhand des naturlichen totenfalles von Varroa jacobsoni. [A predictive trial model based on investigations on the natural mortality rate of Varroa jacobsoni.] Apidologie 16:215.neither natural mortality rate nor rate by Folbex can be used to make connection with infestation of colonies.
Rademacher, E. 1985. Ist eine Befallsprognose aus dem natürlichen Totenfall von Varroa jacobsoni möglich? [Is a prediction of infestation by Varroa jacobsoni possible based on its natural death rate?] Apidologie 16:395-405.
Rademacher, E. 1988. [Find Title--"in areas of high bee densities, V. j. density equallizes betw colonie and betw bee yards in a few weeks".] In: Cavalloro, R. (Ed.), Proceedings 4th meeting of the EC Experts’ Group, Udine, 1988. Office for Official Publicatons of the European Communities; Brussels and Luxembourg; pp. ?cited Arnold 1990.
Rademacher, E. 1991. How Varroa mites spread. Amer. Bee J. 131: 763-765.
Ragsdale, D.W., Furgala, B. 1987. A serological approach to the detection of Acarapis woodi parasitism in honey bees using an enzyme-linkjed immunosorbent assay. Apidologie 18 (1): 1-10.
Ragsdale, D.W., Kjer, K. M. 1989. Diagnosis of tracheal mite (Acarapis woodi Rennie) parasitism of honey bees using monoclonal based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Amer. Bee J. 129 (8): 550-553.
Rakhmatullin, R. G. 1978. Effektivnost’ preparatov pri varroatoz. [Effectiveness of preparations for varroatosis.] Pchelovodstvo 1978(2):12-13.
Rath, H. W. 1991. Investigations on the parasitic mites Varroa jacobsoni Oud. and Tropilaelaps clareae Delfinado & Baker and their hosts Apis cerana Fabr., Apis dorsata Fabr. and Apis mellifera L. Dissertation zur Erlangung des Grades eines Doktors der Naturwissenschaften; Rheinische Friedrich-WilhelmsUniversität Bonn, Germany. 150 pp.
Rath, W., Boecking, O., Drescher, W. 1995. The phenomena of simultaneous infestation of Apis mellifera in Asia with the parasitic mites Varroa jacobsoni Oud. and Tropilaelaps clareae Delfinado & Baker. Amer. Bee J. 135(2):125-127.
Rath, W., Drescher, W. 1990. Response of Apis cerana Fabr. towards brood infested with Varroa jacobsoni Oud. and infestation rate of colonies in Thailand. Apidologie 21:311-321.
Reddy, S. M., Reddy, C. C., Devaiah, P. B. 1993. Impact of Thai sacbrood disease of honeybeees on pollination. In Veeresch, G. K., Shaanke, R. U., Ganeshaiah, K. N. (eds.), Pollination in the tropics: proceedings of the international symposium on pollination in the tropics. Bagalore, India, 1993, pp. 244-245.
Rehm, S. M., Ritter, W. 1988. [Find Title.] In: Cavalloro, R. (Ed.), Proceedings 4th meeting of the EC Experts’ Group, Udine, 1988. Office for Official Publicatons of the European Communities; Brussels and Luxembourg; pp. ?cited Arnold 1990.
Rehm, S. M., Ritter, W. 1989. Sequence of the sexes in the offspring of Varroa jacobsoni and the resulting consequences for the calculation of the development period. Apidologie 20(4): 339-343.
Reid, G. M. 1980. Evaluation of beekeepiing and honey quality on Niue Island. Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries, Hamilthon, New Zealand, 15pp. [unpublished].
Reid, G. M., Bettesworth, D. 1988. A survey of honey bee diseases and pests in Western Samoa. New Zealand Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries, Hamilton New Zealand, 48 pp, [unpublished].
Reid, G. M., Eaton, C. van. 1993. A survey of honey bee pests and diseases in the Solomon Islands. New Zealand Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries, Hamilton, New Zealand, 25 pp. [unpublished].
Reinganum, C. 1969. Acute and chronic paralysis viruses of the honey bee. Victorian Plant Research Institute, Victoria, Australia, Report No. 5. 28pp.
Rembold, H., Kremer, J. P., Ulrich, G. B. 1980. Characterization of postembryonic developmental stages of female castes of the honey bee, Apis millifera L. Apidologie 11: 29-38.
Rennie, J. 1922. The control of acarine disease. Bee World, 4: 7-11.
Rennie, J. 1923. Acarine disease explained. North Scotland College of Agric. Bull. No. 6. 50pp.
Rennie, J., White, P. B., Harvey, E. J. 1921. Isle of Wight disease in hive bees. Trans. Royal Soc. Edinb. 52: 737-779.
Reuter, G. S. 1995. The lighter side of mites. Amer. Bee J. 135(4): 279.
Richard et al. 198? [Find Title] re. anatomy of Varroa jacobsoni. Unk. Source cited by Arnold 1990.
Richez, P., Le Conte, Y., Colin, B. 1995. Efficacité thérapeutique d’une nouvelle formulation (Apivar) destinée au traitement de la varroose de l’abeille. Santé Abeille 149:210-212.
Rickli, M., Guerin, P.M., Diehl, P. A. 1992. Palmitic acid released from honeybee worker larvae attracts the parasitic mite Varroa jacobsoni on a servosphere. Natturwissenschaften 79:320-322.
*Rickli, M., Imdorf, A., Kilchenmann, V. 1991. Varroa-Bekämpfung mit Komponenten von ätherischen Ölen. [Treatment of Varroa disease using compounds of essential oils.] Apidologie 22(4):417-421. (A.A. 1992, #590)
Rinderer, T. E., De Guzman, L. I., Kulin_evi_, J. M., Delatte, G. T., Beaman, L. D., Buco, S. M. 1993. The breeding, importing, testing and general characteristics of Yugoslavian honey bees bred for resistance to Varroa jacobsoni. Amer. Bee J. 133(3): 197-200.
Ritter, W. 1981. Varroatosis, a new disease of the bee Apis mellifera. Anim. Res. Development 14:17-35.
Ritter, W. 1981. Varroa disease of the honeybee, A. mellifera. Bee World 62: 141-153.
Ritter, W. 1982. Varroatose, eine neue Krakheit der Hongbiene Apis mellifera. Tierärztl. Umschau 37:344-354.
Ritter, W. 1984. Neuster Stand der diagnostischen und therapeutischen Maßnahmen zur Bekämpfung der Varroatose. TU 2:122-127.cited Perschil & Ritter 1984.
Ritter, W. 1985. 26. Bekämpfung der Varroatose mit Perizin (liquid), einem neuen systemischen Medikament. [Control of varroatose with Perezin (liquid) a new systemic medication.] Apidologie 16(3):219-220.
Ritter, W. 1985. First trials with Apitol, a systemic functioning medicament. Proc., 30th. Int. Apic. Congr., Nagoya, Japan. Apimondia Publishing House, pp. 198-200. cited- Ritter 1988
Ritter, W. 1986. Versuche zur Entwicklung und Prüfung von Perizin, einem systemischen Medikament zur Bekämpfung der Varroatose der Honigbiene. Tierärztl. Umschau 41(2):105-112.
Ritter, W. 1986. Die Varroatose der Honigbiene, apis mellifer, und ihre Bekämpfung mit Perizin. Vet. med. Nachr. 1:3-16.cited by Ruijter 1987.
Ritter, W. 1988. Control of Varroa jacobsoni with Bayvarol (liquid). "In preparation" cited by Ritter 1988.
Ritter, W. 1988. Varroa jacobsoni in Europe, the tropics, and subtropics. In: Africanized Honey bees and bee mtes. (Needham, G. R., Page, R. E., Delfinado-Baker, M., Bowman, C. E., eds.) John Wiley, New York, 349-359.
Ritter, W. 1988. Different methods of controlling Varroa jacobsoni in West Germany. Amer. Bee J. 128:260-261.
*Ritter, W. 1988. Medications registered in western Europe for varroatosis control. Apidologie 19: 113-116.
Ritter, W. 1990. Entwicklung der Varroamilbenpopulation in behandelten und unbehandelten Völkern in Tunesien. Apidologie 21: 368-370.
Ritter, W. 1993. Chemical contol: options and problems. In: Living with Varroa. Proc. IBRA Symp. London, 21 Nov 11992, (A. Matheson, ed.) Int. Bee Res. Assoc., pp. 17-24.
Ritter, W. 1993. What future for biotechnical control? In: Living with Varroa. Proc. IBRA Symp. London, 21 Nov 11992, (A. Matheson, ed.) Int. Bee Res. Assoc., pp. 17-24.
Ritter, W., Bunsen, ?, Hoppe, ? 1990? [find title--re essential oils to control varroa mite] Unk. Source cited by Arnold 1990, p. 261.
Ritter, W., De Jong, D. 1983. Reproduction of Varroa jacobsoni O. in Europe and in tropical south America. Proc. 1983 ISIR-Conference, Tubingen. pp.
Ritter, W., De Jong, D. 1984. Reproduction of Varroa jacobsoni O. in Europe, the Middle East and tropical south America. Z. Angew. Entomologie 98:55-57.
Ritter, W., Jehle, B. 1987. 35. Verteilung von Apitol, einem systemisch wirkenden Mekikament, bie topikaler Anwenung und im Futter. [Distribution of Apitol, a systemic acaricide, in topical application and in feed.] Apidologie 18(4):388-390.
Ritter, W., Kerkhof, U., Pätzold, S. 1988. [Find Title.] In: Cavalloro, R. (Ed.), Proceedings 4th meeting of the EC Experts’ Group, Udine, 1988. Office for Official Publicatons of the European Communities; Brussels and Luxembourg; pp. ?cited by Arnold 1990.
Ritter, W., Michel, P., Bartholdi, M., Schwendemann, A. 1990. Development of tolerance to Varroa jacobsoni in bee colonies in Tunisia. In: Proc. Iknt. Symp. Recent Res. Bee Pathol. (W. Ritter, ed.) Apimondia Bucharest, pp. 54-59.
Ritter, W., Perschil, F. 1982. Diagnose un Bekämpfung der Varroatose. Allg. dtsch. Imkerztg., 16:129-130.
Ritter, W., Perschil, F. 1983. Prüfung der Wirkung von FOLBEX-VA-NEU (Isopropyl-4,4`-dibrombenzilate) auf Varroamilben und der Verträglichkeit für Bienen. Apidologie 14(1):9-27.
Ritter, W., Perschil, F., Czarnecki, J. M. 1983. Treatment of bee colonies with isopropyl-4,4'-dibromobenzilate against Varroa and acarine disease. Zentrlalbl. Vet. Med., Bd. 30:266-273.
Ritter, W., Perschil, F., Jehle, V., Koch, W., Hoevel, R. 1986. Versuch zur Entwicklung und Prüfung von Perizin, einem systemischen Medikament zur Bekämpfung der Varroatose der Honigbienen. Allgemeine Deutsche Imkerzeitung 3: 78-82.
Ritter, W., Perschil, F., Vom Hövel, R. 1983. Erkennen der Varroatose mit einfachen Untersuchungsmethoden. Allgemeine Deutsche Imkerzeitung 17(7): 221-222.
Ritter, W., Perschil, F., Vom Hövel, R. 1984.
7. Bekämpfung der Varroatose durch entnahme der Fedeckelten Drohnebrut. [Treatment of Varroa disease by drone brood removal.] Apidologie 15:245-246.
Ritter, W., Roth, H. 1990. Experiments with mite resistance to varroacidal substances in the laboratory. In: European Res. On Varroatosis Control (Cavalloro, E., ed.), p;p;. 157-160, AA Balkema, Rotterdam.
Ritter, W., Ruttner, R. 1980. Diagnoseverfahren. Allg. Deutsche Imkerzeit. 14:134-138. cited Arnold 1990;Maul 1984..
Ritter, W., Schneider-Ritter, U. 1986. Varroa jacobsoni und Tropilaelaps clarae in Bienenvölkern von Apis mellifera in Thailand. [Varroa jacobsoni and Tropilaelaps clarae in bee colonies of Apis mellifera in Thailand.] Apidologie 17(4):784-785.
Ritter, W., Schneider-Ritter, U. 1988. Differences in biology and means of controlling Varroa jacobsoni and Tropilaelaps clareae, two novel parasitic mites of Apis mellifera. In: Africanised Honey Bees and Bee Mites, Needham, G. R., Page, R. E., Delfinado-Baker, M., Bowman, C. E., eds. John Wiley, New York, 387-395.
Robinson, W. S. 1981. Beekeeping in Jordan. Bee World 62(3):91-97.
Robinson, F.A., Thel, K. L., Littell, R. C., Linda, S. B. 1986. Sampling apiaries for honey bee tracheal mite (Acarapis woodi Rennie): Effects of bee age and colony infestation. Amer. Bee J. 126: 193-195.
Robinson, W. S., Nowogrodzik, R., Morse, R. M. 1989. The value of honey bees as plllinators of U. S. Crops. Amer. Bee J. 129(6-7):411-423, 477-487.
Romanyuk, K., Bobzhetski, E., Vil’ze, E. 1987. Vliyanie Varroa yakobsoni na razvitie matok. [Infuence of Varroa jacobsoni on development of the queen.] XXXI Mezhdun. Kongr. po pchelovodsvo; Progr. i annot. dokl., Varshava, [31st . Intern. Congr. of Beekeeping: Progr. and annot. reports, Warsaw] 1987, pp. 113-114.
Romanyuk, K., Duk, S. 1983. Seasonal dynamics of the development of Varroa jacobsoni in untreated honey bee colonies. Med. Vet 39(12):725-727. (in Polish)
Romanyuk, K., Sokol, R. 1991. [Apitol--a systemic preparation for controlling Varroa disease.] Medycynba Weterynaryjna 47(4):178-180. (A.A. 1992, #1378)
Romano, G., Moncecchi, A. G. 1988. [Introduction and additive effects of Varroa disease and European foul brood.] Veterinaria Argentina 5(48):675-685 (A.A. 1991, #268)
Ron, M., Rozental’, K. 1987. Geneticheskie raznitsi v ustoichivosti k varroatozu izrael’ski pchel. [Genetic differences in resistance to varroatosis by Israeli bees.] XXXI Mezhdun. Kongr. po pchelovodstvo; Progr. i annot. dokl., Varshava, [31st . Intern. Congr. of Beekeeping: Progr. and annot. reports, Warsaw] 1987, p. 114.
Rosenkranz, P. 1984. [Find Title--infestation rates of V. j. varies from comb to comb and even by diff locs. on one comb.] Proceedings, 2nd Meeting E. C. Experts’ Group on European Research on Varroatosis, Thessaloniki, 26-28 ?Sep. 1984, pp. ? cited Arnold 1990.
Rosenkranz, P. 1985. 17. Temperaturpräferenz von Varroa jacobsoni und Verteilung des Parasiten im Brutnest von Apis mellifera. [Temperature preference of Varroa jacobsoni and distribution of the parasite within the brood nest of Apis mellifera. ] Apidologie 16(3):213-214.
Rosenkranz, P. 1986. Factors affecting Varroa reproduction in colonies of Apis mellifera: a comparison of European and Africanized honey bees. Varroa workshop Feldafing-Starnberg. Abstract Report, p. 16.
Rosenkranz, P. 1987. 32. Thermobehandlung Verdeckelter arbeiterinnen-brutwaben als Möglichkeit der Varroatose-Kontrolle. [Temperature treatment of sealed worker brood as a method of controlling varroatosis.] Apidologie 18:385-388.
Rosenkranz, P. 1988. Temperaturpräferenz der Varroa-Milbe und Stocktemperaturen in Bienenvölkern an Tropenstandorten (Acarina: Varroidae Hymenoptera:Apidae). Entomol. Generalis 14:123-132.
Rosenkranz, P. 1990. Der Einfluß larvaler Bienenhämolymphe auf die Fertilität von Varroa jacobsoni in europäischen und afrikanisierten Bienenvölkern. Apidologie 21:370-372.
Rosenkranz, P. 1990. Wirtsfaktoren in der Steuerung der Reproduktion der parastischen Bienenmilbe Varroa jacobsoni in Völkern von apis mellifera. Dissertation, Universität Tübingen.
Rosenkranz, P. 1992. Alternative Konzepte der Varroatose-Bekämpfung. Imkerfreund 47:5, 5-14.
Rosenkranz, P. 1993. A bioassay for the investigation of host-finding behavior in Varroa jacobsoni. Apidologie 24(5): 486-488.
Rosenkranz, P., Engels, W. 1985. Konsequente Drohnenbrut-Entnahme, eine wirksame biotechnische Maßnahme zur Minderung von Varroatose-Schäden in Bienenvölkern. Allg. Dtsch. Imkerstg. 19:265-271.
*Rosenkranz, P., Engels, W. 1994. Infertility of Varroa jacobsoni females after invasion into Apis mellifera worker brood as a tolerance factor against varroatosis. Apidologie 25: 402-411.
Rosenkranz, P, Issa, M., Rachinsky, A., Strambi, A., Strambi, C. 1988. [Find Ttitle.] In: Cavalloro, R. (Ed.), Proceedings 4th meeting of the EC Experts’ Group, Udine, 1988. Office for Official Publicatons of the European Communities; Brussels and Luxembourg; pp. ?cited by Arnold 1990.
Rosenkranz, P., Rachinsky, A., Strambi, A., Strambi, C., Röpstorf, P. 1990. Juvenile hormone titer in capped worker brood of Apis mellifera and reproduction in the bee mite Varroa jacobsoni. Gen. Compt. Dndocrinol. 78:189-193.
Rosenkranz, P., Stürmer, M. 1992. Ernährungsabhängige Fertilität der Varroa-Weibchen in Arbeiterinnenbrut von Apis mellifera carnica und Apis mellifera capensis. Ann. Univ. Mariae Curie, Sklodowska, Lublin-Polandd, Sectio DD 47: 55-60.
Rosenkranz, P., Tewarson, N. C., Engels, W. 1984. Optimal host selection by reproductive Varroa jacobsoni. Adv. Invertebr. Reprod. 3:628.
Rosenkranz, P., Tewarson, N. C., Rachinsky, A., Strambi, A., Strambi, C. 1990. Juvenile hormone titer in capped worker brood of Apis mellifera and reproduction in the bee mite Varroa jacobsoni. Gen. Comp. Endocrinol. 78: 189-193.
Rosenkranz, P., Tewarson, N. C., Rachinsky, A., Strambi, A., Strambi, C., Engels, W. 1993. Juvenile hormone titer and reproduction of Varroa jacobsoni in capped brood stages of Apis cerana indica in comparison to Apis mellifera ligustica. Apidologie 24: 375-382.
Rosenkranz, P., Tewarson, N. C., Rachinsky, A., Strambi, A., Strambi, C., Engels, W. 1993.
Differential hygienic behavior towards Varroa jacobsoni in capped worker brood of Apis cerana depends on alien scent adhering to the mites. J. Apic. Res. 32: 89-93.
Rosenkranz, P., Tewarson, N. C., Singh, A., Engels, W. 1993. Differential hygienic behaviour towards Varroa jacobsoni in capped worker brood of Apis cerana depend on alien scent adhering to the mites. J. Apic. Res. 32: 89-93.
Rothenbuhler, W. C. 1964. Behaviour genetics of nest cleaning in honey bees. I. Responses of four inbred lines to disease-killed brood. Anim. Behav. 12: 578-583.
Rothenbuhler, W. C. 1964. Behaviour genetics of nest cleaning in honey bees. IV. Responses of F1 and backcross generations to disease-killed brood. Amer. Zoologist, 4: 111-128.
Roubik, D. W., Rees, F. 1984. African honey bees have not brought acarine mite infestations to Panama. Amer. Bee J. 124: 665-667. cit-Otis et al. 1988.
*Royce, L.A., Krantz, G. W., Ibay, L. A., Burgett, D., M. 1988. Some observations on the biology and behavior of Acarapis woodi and Acarapis dorsalis in Oregon, In: Africanized Honey Bees and Bee Mites (Ed. by G. R. Needham, R. E. Page, Jr., M. Delfinado-Baker, & C. E. Bowman), pp.498-505. Chichester: Ellis Horwood, Ltd.
Royce, L. A., Rossignol, P. A. 1990. Epidemiology of honey bee parasites. Parasitology Today, 6: 348-353.
Royce, L. A., Rossignol, P. A. 1990. Honey bee mortality due to tracheal mite parasitism. Parasitology 100 (1): 147-151.
Royce, L. A., Rossignol, P. A. 1991. Sex bias in tracheal mite [Acarapis woodi (Rennie)] infestation of honey bees (Apis mellifera L.). BeeScience, 1: 159-161.
Royce, L. A., Rossignol, P. A., Burgett, D. M., Stringer, B. A. 1991. Reduction of tracheal mite parasitism of honey bees by swarming. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B. 331: 123-129.WVU HS
Royce, L. A., Stringer, B. A., Kitprasert, C., Burgett, D. M., Rossignol, P. A. 1993. Infestation of tracheal mites (Acari: Tarsonemidae) in feral and managed colonies of honey bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae). J. Econ. Entomol. 87(4):910-916.
Ruijter, A. de 1982. Tobacco smoke can kill varroa mites. Bee World 63(3):138. also listed under De Ruijter, A.
Ruijter, A. de 1985. [Find title--re. dev. of Var. jacobsoni]. Proc. 30th Intern Congr. Apiculture, Nagoya, Japan. Apimondia, Bucharest, p. 161. cited in Arnold 1990.
Ruijter, A. de 1985. 13. Fortpflanzung der Varroa-milbe im Zusammenhang mit der Biologie der Honigbiene. [Reproduction of Varroa mite in relation to the biology of the honey bee.] Apidologie 16:207-208.
Ruijter, A. de 1986. [Find title--re devel. of Var. jacobsoni] In: European Research on Varroatosis control. Proc. Meet. EC Expert’s Group, Bad Homburg. (Cavalloro, R., ed.) Balkema, Rotterdam, The Netherlands, pp?cited Arnold 1990.
Ruijter, A. de 1987. Reproduction of Varroa jacobsoni during successive brood cycles of the honey-bee. Apidologie 18: 321-326. (Colin 90, JAE 110:25)
Ruijter, A. de, Eijnde, J. van den 1982. Detection of Varroa mite in the Netherlands using tobacco smoke. Bee World 65(4):151-154.
Ruijter, A. de, Eijnde, J. van den 1986. Field experiment to determine the effects of Perizin on Varroa mites and on development of treated colonies. Vet. med. Rev. 2:158-163.
Ruijter, A. de, Kaas, J. P. 1983. The anatomy of the Varroa-mite. In: Varroa jacobsoni Oud. affecting honey bees: present status and needs. (R. Cavalloro, ed.), A. A. Balkema, Rotterdam. pp. 45-47.
Ruijter, A. de, Pappas, N. 1983. [Find Title-re. dev. of Varroa jacobsoni] Proc. Meet. EC Expert’s Group, Wageningen, 7-9 Feb., 1983 pp. ? cited Arnold 1990.
Ruttner, R. 1991. Auf dem Wege zu einer varroa-toleranten Carnica. Alleg. Dtsch. Imkerstg. 25(11):10-15.cited Ruttner & Hanel 1992
*Ruttner, F., Hänel, H. 1992. Active defense against Varroa mites in a Carniolan strain of honey bee (Apis mellifera carnica Pollman). Apidologie 23: 173-187.
Ruttner, F., Koeniger, N. 1979. Versuche zur Eliminierung der Varroa-Milben mit biologischen Methoden. Int. Bienenzucht Kongr. Apimondia Athen, pp. 400-402.
Ruttner, F., Koeniger, N. 1979. Experiments to eliminate Varroa mites by biological methods. Apiacta XIV(4):159-160, 163.
Ruttner, F., Koeniger, N. 1980. Eine Biologische Methode zur Eliminierung der Varroa Milben aus Bienenvolkern. Allgemeine Deutsche Imkerzeitun 14: 11-12.
Ruttner, F., Marx, H., Marx, G. 1984. Beobachtungen über eine mögliche Anpassung von Varroa jacobsoni an Apis mellifera L. in Uruguay. [Observation about a possible adaptation of Varroa jacobsoni to Apis mellifera in Uruguay.] Apidologie 15:43-62.
Ruttner, F., Ritter, W., Gotz, W. 1980. Chemotherapie der Varroatose über die Haemolymphe der Biene. Allgemeine Deutsche Imkerzeitung 14(5): 160-165.
