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van Buren, N. W. M., Mariën, M. G. H., Velthuis, H. H. W. 1992. The role of trophallaxis in the distribution of Perizin in a honeybee colony with regard to the control of Varroa mite. Entomol. Exp. Applic. 65:157-164.
*Van der Steen, J. 1992. [German Bee Research Institutes Seminar. 44.] Der Effekt einer Mischung ätherischer Öle auf die Varroainfektion in Bienenvölkern. Apidologie 23: 383-385.Netherlands; use of etheric oils in Switzerland; Apilife VAR--thymol 74.1%, eucalyptus oil 16%, menthol 3.7%, camphor 3.7%, and vermiculite, 2.5%; Mixture A=thymos 75.8%, eucalyptus oil 16.6%, camphor 3.8%; Mixture B= thymol 78.8%, eucalyptus oiil 17.2%, menthol 4%. Used Oasis, a spongy material used for flower arrangements. Slices 10x7.5x1 cm impregneated with 30 g of A or B. Both mixtures and Apilife VAR tested in 5 hives. One slice over frames; 2 wks later, another slice added; entire tmnt = 6 wks. After tmnt, hives posttreated for 6 weeks with Apistan. Dead mites collected weekly, counted. Average efficacy: A=92% (+-8), B=88%(+-11). Eff. Fluctuated--many mites still present in 6th wk. (Treatment too short or concn too weak). Apilife VAR = 74% (+-21). Control colonies had 10% mortality =natural mortality rate during the treatment (?)
Van Esch, J. 1986. [Find Title.] 3rd Experts’ Group Meeting on European Research on Varroatosis. Bad Homburg, 15-17 Oct. 1986, pp. ? cited Arnold 1990.
Van Laere, O., De Wael, L. 1987. Techniques for therapeutic smoke treatment of bee colonies. Apiacta 22(3):74-80.
Van Laere, O., De Wael, L., Ifantidis, M. 1988. Potassium nitrate fumigation for early diagnosis of varroatosis. Apiacta 23(4):97-101.
Van Laere, O., Ifantidis, M. 1983. Smoke production and treatment of honey bees with dicofol for control of Varroa jacobsoni. Meeting of the E. C. Experts’ Group, Waganingen, Netherlands, Feb. 7-9, 1983, pp. 57-59.
Van Laere, O., Ifantidis, M., De Wael, L. 1983.
Dicofol-rauchern von Honigbienen zur Bekampfung der Milbe Varroa jacobsoni. Apidologie 14(3):175-182.
Vandame, R., Colin, M. E., Belzunces, L. P., Jourdan, P. 1995. Mise au point d’une méthode pour évaluer la sensibilité de Varroa jacobsoni aux acaricides: application au fluvalinate. Carnets CARI 46:5-11.
Varis, A. L., Ball, B. V., Allen, M. 1992. The incidence of pathogens in honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) Colonies in Finland and Great Britain. Apidologie 23:133-137. (Varroa mite and viruses)
Varley, C. G., Gradwell, R. G., Hassell, P. M. 1973. Insect population ecology--an analytical approach. Oxford, London, Edinburgh & Melbourne: Blackwell. cited by Ifantidis 84
Vavilov, Yu. L., Kolish, M. A. 1989. Morfogenez medonosnikh pchel i eksperimental’noe dokazatel’stvo pronikhoveniya belkov cherez kletochnie membrani. [Morphogenisis of the honey bee and experimental evidence of the penetration of albumen[?] across the cell membrane.] Biol. Resursi pchelovodstva i ikh ispol’z. v nar. khoz-ve [________ _________] i meditsine. [Biological resources of beekeeping and their uses in outside farming and medicine.] Gor’kii, pp. 13-18.
Vecchi, M. A., Giordani, G. 1986. Chemotherapy of acarine disease. 1. Laboratory tests. J. Invertebr. Pathol. 10: 390-416.
Velichkov, B., Nachev, P. 1973. Varroa joacobsoni Oud.--nov vid nepriyatel po pchelite y nas. [Varroa joacobsoni Oud.--a new species of enemy for us and the bees.] Zhivotno-vodcheskie nauki. [Stock-raising Science] 10(6): 127-136.
Velthus, H. H. W., Buren, N. W. M. van, Marien, G. H. A. 1991. Summer treatment of varroatosis using Perizin. Proceedings of the International Symposium on Recent Research on Bee Pathology. Pp. 76-79. (A. A. 1992, #1392)
Verma, L. R. 1991. Beekeeping in integrated mountain development. Aspect Publications with support from the Internat. Centre for Integrated Mountain Development, Edinburgh, UK.
Verma, L. R., Rana, B. S., Verma, S. 1990. Observations on Apis cerana colonies surviving from Thai sacbrood virus infestation. Apidologie 21(3):169-174.
Verma, S. K., Phobat, K. P. S. 1982. Seasonal incidence of Apis iridescent virus in Apis cerana indica Fab. in Uttar Pradesh, India. Indian Bee J. 44(2):36-37.
Verma, S. K., Joshi, N. K. 1985. Intensity of bee diseases in Indian hive bee (Apis cerana indica Fab.) in Uttar Pradesh. Indian Bee Journal 47(1-4):24-26.
Veseli, V., Titer, D., Malo, U. 1987. Piretroidi v bor’be c varroatozom. [Pyrethroids in the battle against varroatosis.] XXXI Mezhdunar. Kongr. po pchelovodstvu. Varshava, p. 107. [XXXI International Congress of Beekeeping, Warsaw, p. 107].
Vetlova, I. V. 1980. Effektivnost’ akaritsidnikh preparatov pri obrabotke invazirovannikh pchel.[Effectiveness of acaricidal preparations for treatment of invaders of [honey] bees.] Tekhnologiya proizvodstva produktov pchelovodstva. Moscow, pp. 225-227.
Vetlova, I. V., Gapanova, V. S. 1984. Paspredelenie Kleshchei no sote i teplovoi pedzhim. [Distribution of mites on honeycomb and a thermal regime.] Pchelovodstvo 1984(9): 18-20.
Vey, ?, Meynadier, ? 1990? [Find title--re. possible biocontrol agents of Varroa jacobsoni.] Unk. Source. cited by Arnold 1990, p.259.
Vidano, C., Arzone, A. 1978. Osservazioni al microscopio elettronico di strane particleel presenti in api operaie malate. Apicoltore Moderno 69(1):1-4.
Villa, J. D., Gentry, C., Taylor, O. R. 1987. Preliminary observations on thermoregulation, clustering, and energy utilization in African and European honeybees. J. Kans. Entomol. Soc. 60:4-14.
Vinogradov, V. P., Nuzhdin, A. S., Rozov, S. A. 1966. Osnovi pchelovodstva. [Basics of Beekeeping.] Moscow, Kolos. 278pp.
Vinogradova, G. A. 1960. Materiali po anatomii i histologii nekotorikh gamazovikh kleshchei. [Material regarding the anatomy and histology of some gamasid mites.] Nauch. Tr. Kalinin. [ Scientific Works of Kalinin] otd-niya Mosk. o-va ispitatelei prirodi. [Separate [?] of Moscow, regarding[?] natural experiments [?].] N. 2: 63-71.
Voronkov, I. M. 1981. Stroitel’naya pamka pre varroatoze.[Building limits of varroatosis] Pchelovodstvo. 1981(3): 15.
